Friday, December 27, 2019

Amy Tan s The Joy Luck Club - 890 Words

Lena and Ying-Ying from Amy Tan’s The Joy Luck Club both face injustice in their patriarchal relationships, just as Mariam and Laila from A Thousand Splendid Suns, however on very different terms. Lena, like Amir and Laila, struggles with confrontation and complete deference of others. However, under the influence of her mother, Lena realizes the problematic recurrences in relationship with her husband. Ying-Ying, aware of her daughters submissiveness, must lead Lena to intervention to confront herself and reconnect with her Chinese heritage in order to save her struggling relationships. While Ying-Ying sees the imbalance in Lena and Harold’s relationship as an embodiment of the flaws in her own marriage she reflects on her past and thinks to herself, â€Å"So this is what I will do. I will gather together my past and look. I will see a thing that has already happened. The pain that cut my spirit loose. I will use this sharp pain to penetrate my daughters tough skin an d cut her tiger spirit loose† (Tan, 153). She has sacrificed so much for her daughter, Lena, and accepts her American ways despite the fact that broadens the cultural gap between her Chinese heritage. Ying-Ying already experienced her loss of identity and self through her own marriage because she was unable to be assertive towards her husband. Here, just like Mariam and Hassan in Hosseni’s novels, Ying-Ying gives up her freedom in order for Lena to live a better life than she had. Although Ying-Ying doesn’t give upShow MoreRelatedAmy Tan s The Joy Luck Club1097 Words   |  5 PagesCulture defines humanity. Culture makes humans different than any other living organism ever known. Culture is what makes humans unique, and yet culture is easily the most misunderstood characteristic of individuals. In Amy Tan’s The Joy Luck Club, Amy Tan develops the theme of incomplete cultural understanding leads to an inability to communicate one’s true intentions t hrough juxtaposition and conflict between mothers and daughters and their cultures. The conflicting Chinese culture of the mothers’Read MoreAmy Tan s The Joy Luck Club1385 Words   |  6 Pages Amy Tan s The Joy Luck Club Mona A. M. Ahmed Zagazig University, Egypt The purpose of this paper is to investigate pluralism, acculturation and assimilation in Amy Tan s novel The Joy Luck Club (1989), a finalist for the National Award, and a recipient of the 1990 Bay Area Book Reviewers award for fiction. Amy Tan (1952- ) is a Chinese American novelist; she is the daughter of John Tan, a Chinese electricalRead MoreAmy Tan s The Joy Luck Club Essay805 Words   |  4 PagesRebecca Nemmers American Minority Writers Professor Czer September 12, 2016 Mother Knows Best Amy Tan’s The Joy Luck Club is a well-known novel that discusses the difficulties that Chinese American immigrants face especially in the second generation. This novel specifically focuses in on the stories of the mothers and their daughters, their sufferings and triumphs. Due to both the generational and cultural differences between the mothers and daughters are extreme and these differences cause theirRead MoreAmy Tan s The Joy Luck Club1023 Words   |  5 Pagesand other scholars’ articles, a diasporic and often considered as postcolonial discourses- Amy Tan’s debut novel The Joy Luck Club comes to my mind. Amy Tan, as one of the renowned contemporary Chinese American writers, and also as one of the daughters of the immigrants herself, writes several novels revealing situations and reflecting problems faced by the Chinese diaspora in America. Although The Joy Luck Club has been published for more than two decades, the stories inside are still going on in Chi neseRead MoreAmy Tan s The Joy Luck Club Essay1567 Words   |  7 PagesAmy Tan’s â€Å"The Joy Luck Club† is a novel written in various short stories between four immigrant Chinese mothers and their four Chinese-American born daughters. The mother’s represent their heritage, tradition, culture, and native tongue. Their daughters; however embody America and its culture, along with language. Each mother and daughter share the emotional feeling of cultural separation between themselves and their relationship with each other. With their cross-cultural relationship, the daughtersRead MoreAmy Tan s The Joy Luck Club1028 Words   |  5 PagesIn Amy Tan’s The Joy Luck Club, Waverly Jong is a dynamic character who shows her arrogance, selfishness and insecurities as the story progresses. On the first letter of Waverly’s name, W, sits a Mink, which symbolizes her desire for her mother’s approval. Throughout the novel, Waverly avoids Lindo’s criticism and fears her mother will not agree with her choices. This is evident in â€Å"Four Directions† when Waverly shows her mother the mink coat Rich bought her and Lindo responds, â€Å"This is no good†¦Read MoreAnalysis Of Amy Tan s The Joy Luck Club1637 Words   |  7 Pagessame time† (Goreski). Amy Tan, an author of numerous novels, understands the battle of relationships, especially between culturally diverse mothers and daughters. In one of Tan’s novels, The Joy Luck Club, she writes to get the point across of how difficult it is for contrasting cultures to communicate with one another, â€Å"...out of an intense concern with the individual artistic choices she was making at every level and at every moment† (Evans 3). The passionate message Tan stresses in the novelRead MoreAmy Tan s The Joy Luck Club1210 Words   |  5 PagesThe Joy Luck Club, Amy Tan tells the story of four Chinese mothers and their American daughters. Throughout th e book, Tan talks about the mothers and the life they had in china, the relationship between their mothers, and why they moved to America. She also writes about the daughters who were born and raised in America and their relationship with their mothers. In addition, she talks about the cultural differences between the Chinese mothers and the Chinese-American daughters. Joy Luck Club is oneRead MoreAmy Tan s The Joy Luck Club986 Words   |  4 Pageshope. How to laugh forever†, Amy Tan wrote in The Joy Luck Club. This powerful quote not only exhibits the mindset that Amy has formed over the years, but also how various lessons has shaped her inner-being. Overcoming a past were all the odds were against her, even her mother, leaves Tan’s story worth being heard. Amy’s mixed heritage made adapting to the free life of America from an authoritarian Chinese parenting style difficult. The pivotal moment that altered Amy Tan’s life the most was breakingRead MoreAn alysis Of Amy Tan s The Joy Luck Club Essay1664 Words   |  7 PagesLauren Lee 11 September 2016 English 203H 1st Period 3 paragraphs â€Å"The Joy Luck Club† Journey of the Swan In Amy Tan’s story â€Å"The Joy Luck Club,† Jing-mei recalls the struggles she is burdened by in not understanding the extensive sacrifices her mother made and the guilt she carries of never living to be her mother’s swan. For the majority of her life, June has battled with the tedious thoughts of why her mother never seemed content with her. â€Å"Auntie Lin and my mother were both best friends and

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Perseverance Teaching Habits And Attitudes For The 21st...

Perseverance 1. Consider the habitude of perseverance as it is defined in the text, Classroom Habitudes: Teaching Habits and Attitudes for the 21st Century. Mentally identify times in your life when you experienced perseverance. Briefly describe one experience, which would be appropriate to share with the students in your placement. 1. One experience that I could describe to my students that showcased my ability to have perseverance was when I was in the fourth grade and wanted to hit a softball over a fence. When I was younger my biggest passion was playing softball. I went to every practice, every game, and practiced outside of the required practices. During the nights when my team did not have mandatory practices, I would beg my dad†¦show more content†¦I like to think to myself, that softball is still buried deep in those woods, and maybe one day someone will find it and try to achieve the same goal I had and have the perseverance to never give up and continue to try. 2. How might your students be able to relate to the experience? 1. My students might be able to relate to this experience because this experience took place around their age. This year I will be with third graders and I believe if they hear a story about myself that is close to their age they will be able to have the same perseverance that I had at that young of an age. Also, growing up close to my placement county, Jones county, and being placed in the county before, I know that Jones county is very big on sports and my past students all played a sport; therefore, I feel that a lot of my students will be able to relate this experience to themselves. Not only do I believe my experiences will inspire my students to continue on and try their best in sports, but I believe it will inspire them to persevere through tough times in school because it’s an experience that teaches never to give up and hard work pays off. 3. What might they learn from your sharing? 1. I believe students will learn from me sharing my experiences the idea that to achieve goals takes hard work and time. Some goals cannot be achieved over night, but through perseverance and dedication they can be reached. Also, through my experience I hope they understand that sometimes goalsShow MoreRelatedCritical Thinking - Literature Review12815 Words   |  52 Pagessolving problems. Background knowledge is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for enabling critical thought within a given subject. Critical thinking involves both cognitive skills and dispositions. These dispositions, which can be seen as attitudes or habits of mind, include openand fair-mindedness, inquisitiveness, flexibility, a propensity to seek reason, a desire to be wellinformed, and a respect for and willingness to entertain diverse viewpoints. There are both general- and domain-specificRead MoreCreative Dance7322 Words   |  30 Pagesadaptation to partners and groups. The movement themes developed from these elements have formed the basis of numerous handbooks on creative dance, among them Preston-Dunlop’s (1980) A Handbook for Dance in Education, Joyce’s (1980) First Steps in Teaching Creative Dance to Children, and Boorman’s (1969) Creative Dance in the First Three Grades. Although Morin (1988) criticizes the curriculum content these writers propose as too myopic, I suggest that the development of an elemental movement vocabularyRead MoreBrain and Assignment9854 Words   |  40 PagesCollege Press. (Hfst 3 handel oor leer deur spel en hfst 5 oor wetenskap en wiskunde.) Banas, N Wills, IH. 1977. Prescriptive teaching: a theory into practice. Springfield: Thomas. (Die hele boek handel oor perseptuele vaardighede en moet gesien word as voorwaarde vir die vestiging van lees-, reken- en skryfvaardighede.) Bailey, DB Wolery, M. 1984, 1992. Teaching infants and preschoolers with handicaps. Columbus: Merrill. (Hfst 10 handel oor kognitiewe vaardighede.) Berk, L. 2006. ChildRead MoreA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 Pagessome of them classical (pp.421-423). bB III. Excerpt from a Lecture on Alchemy Terence McKenna, Wetlands Preserve, 1998 â€Å"†¦Let me read you a passage from Giordano Bruno. This is a wonderful passage from the Picatrix. This was the book of 12th century magical texts that began to introduce these hermetic ideas and this passage is the core passage that inspired the Rosacrucians and numerous other utopian movements. Here is Frances Yeats, â€Å"Hermes Trismegistus is often mentioned as the source for someRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages2011038674 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 10: 0-13-283487-1 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-283487-2 Brief Contents Preface xxii 1 2 Introduction 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Individual 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Diversity in Organizations 39 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 69 Emotions and Moods 97 Personality and Values 131 Perception and Individual Decision Making 165 Motivation Concepts 201 Motivation: From Concepts to Applications 239 3 The Group 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Foundations of GroupRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesCongress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Whetten, David A. (David Allred) Developing management skills /David A. Whetten, Kim S. Cameron.—8th ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-13-612100-8 1. Management—-Study and teaching. 2. Management—Problems, exercises, etc. Kim S. II. Title. HD30.4.W46 2011 658.40071 173—dc22 I. Cameron, 2009040522 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 ISBN 10: 0-13-612100-4 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-612100-8 B R I E F TA B L E O F C O N T E N T S PrefaceRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagesincome comes from its customers, not from Wall Street. NEW LEADERSHIP AND NEW MANAGEMENT MODELS ARE REQUIRED TO MEET THE BREADTH OF NEW CUSTOMER DEMANDS Most management leaders fully understand that the one certainty in the volcanic twenty-first-century economy is that the terrain on which their businesses will operate tomorrow will be shaped differently from the terrain of today. They recognize that the business requirement is to lead accordingly, and they know that this type of leadership requires

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Human Dignity and Common Good

Question: Discuss about the Human Dignity and Common Good. Answer: Introduction The study of the common good for all people in the society helps undergraduate students especially in the bachelor of education upheld human dignity. The education sector is faced with numerous issues which make the profession challenging. Some of the major matters relating to human dignity are high levels of indiscipline, slowed approaches to motivation, stress and mental torture, and improper cooperation among the key stakeholders in the industry. In my observation, there have been increased levels of indiscipline amongst the students whose cause is drug abuse and poor morals learned from their parents and the society. With high rates of indiscipline, this has translated to poor performances in schools, cancer that keeps mounting pressure on the teachers by the public. The current school leaderships have taken initiatives of imposing punishments and suspensions to the undisciplined students. However, this has not been enough to eradicate the behaviour. In my opinion, once I get to the profession, I would continuously advise my students on the importances of being morally upright and also showing discipline by being a good role model. Some of the students are faced with mental and emotional stress whose primary cause is poverty and being undermined by their teachers. Poverty affects the psychological functioning of students, and this directly affects performance. Some of the teachers in this profession have gone further to inflict more pain on the students by frequently sending them home for school fees or even discontinuing their education. Being a student of critical and creative thinking, I understand the importance of valuing human dignity as well as what damage stress does to people. When I get into the profession, I would always encourage my poor students not to feel like that is the end of life for there is still a great hope of tomorrow. Further, I would be considerate to find sponsors who would cater for the schooling of poor students. The education profession comprises of different parties who to some extent tend to disagree on some matters; these parties include teachers, parents, and the students. Most of the times, some school heads are not ready to welcome any ideas, opinions, and suggestions from these other principal parties and this creates a situation of disagreement among the stakeholders. As a professional, I would always welcome any idea, suggestion or opinion given by students and the public since their input may have a valuable impact in proper decision making. Ignorance of other people's contributions to the success and excellence of an institution leads to failure. In most of the times, teaching is viewed as a profession that does not pay well. Due to inadequate compensation and other allowances, the teacher's unions keep on going to strikes to demand their human rights, and this profoundly affects the education sector of any given country. However, some of the school heads act like they do not recognise their rights and go against the strikes. Being a student of education, I fully believe that one day I will be in the profession and I will suffer the same problem. In this regard, I fully support the acts of striking teachers but again feel that they should consider various factors before deciding to call for a strike. A teacher is a reasonable person, given the economic problems in a country, he or she should have intellectual empathy and think outside the box that if salary is raised, what will be the overall effect on the economy. Communication plays a significant role in solving any existing problem within any educational institution or college. However, some of the school principles make decisions from the top management and give orders to the students to follow, something which the students should have been consulted to give their views. Due to this, a conflict is created resulting to students striking. When I get to the teaching profession, I will always welcome and value students suggestion regarding certain aspects so as to avoid the effects of students striking within the college since the recognition of human dignity neutralises the common good of people.

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

The Thanksgiving Football Game Essay Example For Students

The Thanksgiving Football Game Essay Last Thanksgiving afternoon, on the flat-screen TV in the living room, was WGAL TV Channel 8, an NBC affiliate from Lancaster, PA. It is always shown in my grandparent’s house at night. They were showing NFL football that night– the Seattle Seahawks against the San Francisco 49ers – a game that broadcasters were dubbing it â€Å"the football event of the year† when the real event isn’t until late January/early February (Super Bowl 49). I couldn’t decide if I either wanted to watch the game with my brother Nathan (he’s more into football than me) or throw up in the bathroom. We will write a custom essay on The Thanksgiving Football Game specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Eventually, I took some Pepto-Bismol and decided to watch as much of the game as I possibly could. The whole family was not dressed for the game, but then again, they didn’t have to be. Nausea aside, my family and I were having a decent Thanksgiving. WGAL’s broadcast of the game wasn’t groundbreaking whenever it came down to graphics, but it successfully got the message across. The presentation was strong, with sharp visuals (a normal for football games on high-definition TV), and NBC used plain but clean backgrounds for their transitions from game to advert, advert to game and so forth. Speaking of adverts, they had some big movie trailers, one of them being the upcoming film Jurassic World, which was throughout the day, even during the game. It had me excited and I felt quite nostalgic, something I wish I could say about that dreary final Hobbit film. And the less I hear about â€Å"Peter Pan LIVE†, the better. When it came down to showing certain players, they often used pictures of the players (i. e. Richard Sherman, Colin Kaepernic, etc. ) digitally imposed with the half-color/half-chrome backgrounds at the bottom of the screen, while the game (highlights and all) took up the rest of the screen. In some cases, their statistics were displayed. The camera rarely moved much, except for when someone caught the ball, made a touchdown and such, which works because it helps me see the game easier. The commentators had a strong, upbeat tone to their burly voices, as they made some tasty comments on different plays by each team. But most of the time, they were talking about how the Seahawks managed to win against the 49ers. Their commentary, along with the clean photography (and the Jurassic World trailer) helped make the game more appealing. As for the game, the Seahawks soared through the 49ers’ defense to a final score of 19-3, holding their opponent to 164 yards. Their first step in domination was having Steve Hauschka kick four field goals and holding the 49ers in check. Say what you want about fellow Seahawk Richard Sherman’s behavior, but there’s no denying the cornerback can set up a good touchdown and a well-calculated defensive play, as demonstrated in his performance here. Sherman, in the team’s only touchdown that night, intercepted 49ers QB Colin Kaepernick’s third-down pass (intended for Brandon Lloyd) and returned it five yards to the 49ers’ 45, a smart move. Sherman’s preparation for plays was always better than his athleticism. What do y’all think about his pass rush? ‘Cause I thought it was well timed, well executed and nothing short of crushing. Seahawks quarterback Russell Wilson passed for an impressive 236 yards, completely nailing Kaepernick and fellow 49er Michael Crabtree to the wall. In comparison to Wilson, Kaepernick was only 16 for 29 for 121 yards! Thanksgiving and Black Friday, they say? Sadness for San Francisco, I say.

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

A Beginners Guide to Using Nominalizations in Business Writing

A Beginner's Guide to Using Nominalizations in Business Writing As businesses become more international, so must our writing. Most of the time, good business writing skills transfer very well to global audiences, but there is some confusing vocabulary that global business writers should try to avoid. Avoiding nominalizations Nominalizations are nouns that refer to a process. As a quick reminder, a noun is a person, place, thing, or idea. Nouns are often found as the subject of the sentence: Efficiency is important. But they can also be found as: the object of a verb: This is my or the object of a preposition: Let’s go in the office. Nominalization itself is an example of a nominalization, but more common examples are words like evaporation, condensation, mechanization, and optimization. As you have probably noticed, they often end in –ation/-tion/-ition. These are the types of words often used in science or in highly specialized fields, and they make it easier for us to talk about our fields of expertise. However, they are often difficult to understand for native speakers outside of that field, never mind non-native speakers! So how can we avoid them? Since nominalizations are nouns that refer to a process, there is always a verb hidden inside each one. For example: evaporation – evaporate condensation – condense mechanization – mechanize optimization – optimize hbspt.cta._relativeUrls=true;hbspt.cta.load(41482, '39de76fa-b005-4d0a-9136-a9a423513681', {}); The easiest way to avoid using nominalizations is to rewrite the sentence using the verb of the same meaning. Here is an example: Heating water to the boiling point causes evaporation. vs. Heating water to the boiling point will cause it to evaporate. Even though the second sentence is longer, the use of â€Å"to evaporate† is much clearer for non-native and native speakers alike because the nominalization is less commonly used overall, and â€Å"to† usually alerts readers to a verb. Let’s look at another example, this time with a more involved rewrite: Optimization of our work force is a key goal of our company. vs. Our company wants to optimize our work force. In the first sentence, the actual agent (actor) is unclear – optimization is the subject of the sentence, but optimization doesn’t actually do anything. Our company will be doing the actual action. The revision in the second sentence is much clearer for two reasons: (1) the subject, our company, is the actual agent, and (2) the use of the verb, to optimize, is much easier to identify. As you can see, using nominalizations can lead to more complex writing and can be difficult to understand if the reader is outside the area of expertise. Using the verb hidden inside each nominalization will force you to write more clearly and be more direct. (In case you wondering what the verb hidden in nominalization is, it’s â€Å"nominalize† which means â€Å"to make into a noun.† Unfortunately, even this isn’t very clear, either!) Writing for a global audience is not so different from good business writing. Short, clear, direct sentences help your reader to respond in a timely manner. If you are looking to improve your writing, see our full list of business writing tips.Instructional Solutions offersNon-Native Business Writing WritingClassesfor participants for whom English is not a first language that willhelp youwrite better at work.

Saturday, November 23, 2019

How to Make Thermite With Aluminum from an Etch-a-Sketch

How to Make Thermite With Aluminum from an Etch-a-Sketch You may have learned about exothermic reactions in chemistry class. In an exothermic reaction, chemicals interact and release heat and often light. Burning wood is an exothermic reaction. So is rusting of iron, although the reaction is so slow you dont notice much going on. You can react iron much more quickly and spectacularly using the thermite reaction, which burns aluminum. The classic method of performing the reaction involves iron oxide, aluminum powder, and magnesium, but you can make do with household materials: 50 grams of finely powdered rust (Fe2O3)15 grams of aluminum powder (Al) Iron Oxide Collect rust from a rusted iron object, such as rust from a wet steel wool pad. Alternatively, you can use magnesite as your iron compound, which may be collected by running a magnet through beach sand. Aluminum This is where your Etch-a-Sketch comes into play. The powder inside an Etch-a-Sketch is aluminum. If you crack open the Etch-a-Sketch, you have the perfect complement to the iron oxide from the previous step. However, if you cant find an Etch-a-Sketch, you can grind aluminum foil in a spice mill. No matter how you get it, wear a mask when dealing with aluminum powder because you dont want to breathe it in. Wash your hands and everything after working with the stuff. Etch-a-Sketch Thermite Reaction This is insanely easy. Just be sure to choose a location away from anything flammable. Use eye protection when viewing the reaction, since a lot of light is emitted. Mix together the iron oxide and aluminum.Use a sparkler to light the mixture.Move away from the reaction and let it burn to completion before cleaning it up. Once it is cool, you can pick up the molten metal and examine it. You can use a propane torch instead of a sparkler to initiate the reaction, but try to maintain your distance as much as possible.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Effects Of Media On The UAE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Effects Of Media On The UAE - Essay Example And now in this era of increasing media penetration how children are brought up is a lot different; their childhoods are spend playing with toy guns (no wonder this is where all the violence stems in) and as they grow up they become cruel young men who believe life is nothing but a war zone which can be conquered with their "toy guns" (Wellisch 2000). Television is that source of the media which affects our society most strongly. When I say strongly, I mean it because a research by Emercon Statistics, 2000, show that on average a person who subscribes to cable in Dubai watches television more then 6 hours a day! Everyone knows of the success story of Dubai; it used to be a desert not until long ago, till the Sheikhs invested some money in developing this city and what you see now is one of the mega cities of the world! Foreign media played an important change in this development of Dubai from a desert to a city, then a mega city and now eventually a media and fashion hub! The effects foreign media has on the UAE are countless. It has changed peoples' life style, how to perceive things, what they study and how they study and even more their aspect towards life! Bryant, J., & Thompson, S. (2002). Fundamentals of media effects gives this situation: An Arab wife, previously she used to sit in the home and settle all the household chores so that when her family came home in the afternoon, they could all spend quality time. As time passed, American television channels opened in UAE and that made the Arab women know about the American culture (where husband and wife both go to work). And now If you see an Arab wife in this era, they're don't perceive life as to staying at home and waiting for their family to comeback while they settle their chores, they instead and go out and work! Media of course has changed lifestyles. (Bryant & Zillmann 1994) The youth I believe has been affected significantly of the lot. It is generally believed that media exposure brings more aggression into, viewers especially in youth if the movie is a violent one. To prove my point I believe there wouldn't be a better example then the classical "Bobo Doll Experiment" from Strasburger, V. C. (1995). Adolescents and the media: Medical and psychological impact. This experiment was done on nursery going children. They were put into a play room where they observed a television where an adult was hitting and kicking and inflatable doll and making sounds as if he was really fighting. The movie was then stopped and the children were observed for the next ten to twenty minutes. On the other hand another group of children were put to play with a similar doll, but they weren't made to see the adult hitting the doll video. The results were significant and as expected! The group who witnessed the video was performed similar aggressive acts on the doll while the o ther lot did not. The above experiment proves that the youth tend to take what they get from the media. According to Ravitch, D., & Viteritti, J. P. (2003). Kid stuff: Marketing sex and violence to America's children, most human rights group have called in for a total ban on movies for youth, especially those that depict sexual and violent scenes. Considering the negative